RESEARCH PAPER

1. Title Page

PROSTATE CANCER

A Research Paper

Presented to

Mr. Neil A. Improgo

Faculty of the English Department

Manolo Fortich National High School

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Course

English IV

by

Rogelyn L. Panuncialman

October, 2009

2. Acknowledgment

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers would like to express their sincerest thanks and gratitude to the following persons who extended help and encouragement to make this study a reality;

Mr. Neil Improgo, English Teacher, for his valuable and expert advise, knowledge and excellent ideas, thus supporting, advising, supervising and guiding the researches with utmost patience that inspire to complete the study;

Dr. Erlinda C. Chico, Secondary School Principal II of Manolo Fortich National High School, for her understanding and cooperation in allowing the researchers to use the Computer Laboratory for their research work;

Miss Methuselah K. Arenas, Class Adivser, for her sincere and moral support;

The parents of the researchers, for the support and concern that serves as the researcher’s inspiration during the making of the study.

Above all, to Almighty GOD, for the enlightenment, strength, wisdom patience and guidance which He bestowed upon the researchers all times.

3. Dedication

DEDICATION

To

Our beloved parents,

friends and classmates;

our relatives, teachers and

most especially to

the school where our future lies

MANOLO FORTICH NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

This humble piece of work is dedicated.

Rogelyn Panuncialman

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE........................................................................................................................................ i

ACKNOWLEDGMENT .........................................................................................................................ii

DEDICATION....................................................................................................................................... iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................iv

Outline ...............................................................................................................................................1

Introduction........................................................................................................................................ 2

Body................................................................................................................................................... 3

Conclusion.........................................................................................................................................

WORKS CITED 20...............................................................................................................................

APPENDICES

Pictures 21

Video 22

Concept Map
5.Outline
PROSTATE CANCER
I.Definition
II.Causes
III.Symptoms
IV.Diagnosis
V.Treatments
VI.Preventions
VII.History

6.Introduction

The prostate is a small gland in the pelvis that's found only in men. It's located between the penis and the bladder and surrounds the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the penis.

The main function of the prostate is to help in the production of semen. The prostate produces a thick white fluid that is then liquefied by a special protein known as prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The fluid is then mixed with sperm, produced by the testicles, to create semen.

7.Body

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, although it mainly affects older men. Prostate Cancer is when normal cells grow and multiply in an uncontrolled way, the mass of cells form a tumor which may begin to malignant. However, prostate cancer is rare in men under 50 years old but the risk steadily increases with age and by the time a men reach the age of 80 more than half have some cancerous growth. Most of the time this goes unnoticed until it is in the second stages. Some symptoms of prostate cancer include a difficulty in starting to pass urine, dribbling of urine before and after urinating, a need to get up several times in the night to urinate, and rarely there is blood in the urine. In order to test for prostate cancer men may have a digital rectal examination, a PSA blood test, or even a Biopsy Scans. Depending on several factors your doctor will decide the most appropriate treatment plan for you. Such as the size and the location of the tumor within the prostate, whether it is contained within the prostate, spread to the lymph nodes or spread to other more distant sites, or even you age and general health may contribute to your doctors set health treatment plan. Prostate cancer is the second main killer in men and to me I am glad that I have found out more information on this cancer so that I can keep the men in my life health and around for years to come.

Early prostate cancer usually causes no symptoms. Often it is diagnosed during the workup for an elevated PSA noticed during a routine checkup. Sometimes, however, prostate cancer does cause symptoms, often similar to those of diseases such as benign prostatic hypertrophy. These include frequent urination, increased urination at night, difficulty starting and maintaining a steady stream of urine, blood in the urine, and painful urination.The specific causes of prostate cancer remain unknown.^[8] A man's risk of developing prostate cancer is related to his age, genetics, race, diet, lifestyle, medications, and other factors. The primary risk factor is age. Prostate cancer is uncommon in men younger than 45, but becomes more common with advancing age. The average age at the time of diagnosis is 70.Treatment options for prostate cancer with intent to cure are primarily surgery and radiation therapy. Other treatments such as hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, proton therapy, cryosurgery, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) also exist depending on the clinical scenario and desired outcome.

8.Conclusion

Prostate cancer is the leading cancer diagnosis and the second most common cause of cancer-related death in men in the United States. Prostate cancer is predominantly a disease of the elderly man with an average patient age of 72 years at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis. Studies show that men of African heritage have a high incidence of prostate cancer worldwide and that prostate cancer mortality rates relate strongly to the average level of fat consumption around the world. In the early stage of prostate cancer, the patient may not experience a single prostate cancer symptom. Often, the disease is 'silent.' Treatment approaches to prostate cancer vary. The choices depend on the patient's prostate cancer treatment preferences, the prostate cancer stage, the patient's life expectancy, and the general physical and medical condition of the patient.

9.Workscited

• http://hcd2.bupa.co.uk/fact_sheets/Mosby_factsheets/prostate_cancer.html

www.prostate.com

www.healthlink.mcw.edu%2farticle%2f938623681.html

http://web.ask.com/redir?bpg

• Ferri, FF. Prostate cancer. In: Ferri, FF. Ferri's clinical advisor: Instant diagnosis and treatment. 2005 ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby, Inc; 2005: 671-672.

• ^ ^{a b} "IARC Worldwide Cancer Incidence Statistics—Prostate". JNCI Cancer Spectrum. Oxford University Press. December 19, 2001. http://web.archive.org/web/20060205235509/http://www.jncicancerspectrum.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/statContent/cspectfstat;99. Retrieved on 2007-04-05 through the Internet Archive

10.Appendices

photos







videos